BLOOD

INDEX

• 1.INTRODUCTION

• 2. COMPONENTS

• 2.1 BLOODCELL

• 2.1.1 RBC or erythrocytes

• 2.1.1 HAEMOGLOBIN

• 2.1.2 WBC or white blood cell

• 2.1.3 PLATELETS or THROMBOCYTES

• 2.2PLASMA

1.INTRODUCTION

Study of blood is HEMATOLOGY.

It is a connective tissue in a form of liquid and chief transport system of the body.

It is salty in taste.

It makes up 8% of body weight.( 80mL/kg body weight)

It is heavier than water

Volume of blood is 5 – 6 litres in human body.

pH of blood is 7 (alkaline)

It protects the body from the infections, disease, foreign material etc.

It delivers the necessary substance and remove waste products from the body.

COMPONENTS

Blood is made up of three components.

1. Blood cell (45%)
2. Plasma (55%)

BLOOD CELL

Blood cells or Blood corpuscles.

It is of three types

1. RBC ( red blood cell)
2. WBC ( white blood cell)
3. Platelets

RBC or erythrocytes

1. Red blood cell normal count in adults – 5million/µL.
2. Size – 6.7 – 7.8 µm in diameter.
3. Shape of RBCs is circular and biconcave
4. Mammals RBC’s are Non nucleated (nucleus is absent) except camel.                                                       
5. Formed in bone marrow and process is called erythropoiesis.
6. Destroyed in the spleen, liver and bone marrow. ( spleen is graveyard for all RBCs)
7. Life span – 120 days.

HAEMOGLOBIN

1. It is present in RBC and gives red colors to it.
2. It is composed of protein called globin with heme (haem).
3. It is basically oxygen carrying pigment and transport oxygen from lungs to the tissue.
4. It act as acid base buffer.
5. Count – at birth – 23g/dL

Adult – males – 14-18 g/dL

Female – 12-15.5 g/dL.

WBC or white blood cell

Other name is Leucocytes.

Larger than RBC.

It nucleated (nucleus present)

Size – 10-14 µm in diameter.

WBCs number increases – leukocytosis.

WBCs number Decreases – leucopenia.

Count of WBC in adults – 4000-10000/cu mm.

 Leukaemia – type of blood cancer, in this condition TLC of WBC is increases.

PLATELETS or THROMBOCYTES

Size is irregular.

They are colorless.

Diameter – 2 -4 µ

Count – 1.5 – 4 Lakh  /µL

They are non- nucleate ( nucleus is absent)

Play important role in coagulation of blood.

PLASMA

55% of the total blood volume.

Transparent in appearance.

It is slightly alkaline.

Contains water – 91 -92 %

Solid – 8-9%       

1. Inorganic molecules – 1%
2. Organic molecules – 8%

                  Inorganic salts – 0.9%

Solid part is albumin, globulin, fibrinogen, immunoglobulin and prothrombin.

Contain antibodies which help in resist (for infection).

Useful in coagulation of blood.

It helps to maintain colloidal osmotic pressure (COP).

TO BE CONTINUE…..

hope you like it and we’ll make it another post on single topic of blood.

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